How is cancer cured?

Today doctors can distinguish hundreds of types of cancer, know where the tumor is located, how it progresses, and depending on the type and stage of treatment, radiation, chemotherapy, targeted or multi-tissue combinations wake to treatment.

The global burden of cancer is rising fast. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in the next 20 years, the cancer burden will increase by 57% with 21.7 million people suffering from the disease, 13 million people will die from cancer. The main causes are the increase in the global population, the aging of the population and the pollution of the living environment.

The fight against cancer still has many challenges, but today's medicine has made great progress in understanding the causes, how to prevent, detect and treat diseases.

Advances in the diagnosis

Endoscopic

A flexible tube, the head with a small camera attached, is an endoscopic device inserted into the niches and organs of the body allowing the physician to see the area of ​​suspected injury. Today there are many types of endoscopes to see specific areas in the body and when a biopsy is suspected.

Supersonic

Ultrasound cannot distinguish between a benign and a malignant tumor. Doctors often use ultrasound to locate a needle to biopsy to take a small tissue sample or aspirate a little fluid to see on a microscope. Ultrasound is a very safe, harmless test that is very cheap compared to CT and MRI.

Computed tomography (CT scan)

CT shows the shape, size, volume and location of the cancer and can detect blood vessels that feed the tumor. In some cases, a CT can help your doctor identify a benign or a malignant tumor. CT scans are particularly effective when used to detect and assess cancer in the liver, pancreas, adrenal glands, lungs and bones. Also used to identify bowel, esophageal, stomach and brain cancers, helping to determine the stage of cancer. Repeated CT scan helps to know how the cancer responds to treatment, as well as to find out a recurrence.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI scan)

Magnetic resonance can see any part of the body, especially advantageous for detecting and locating cancers of the central nervous system, head, neck and musculoskeletal system, also helping the doctor to plan the strategy. surgery or radiation. MRI is more expensive than CT, but not as harmful as X-rays like a CT scan does.

PET (Positron Emission Tomography)

A small dose of radioactive isotope injected into the patient gives color images of chemical changes in the tissues. A scanners show where the glucose is distributed, and then create an image. Cancerous tumors are usually more active than normal tissue, and will appear abnormal in PET images.

Combined PET / CT. The two types of devices use simultaneously to give a comprehensive picture of the location of the tumor, the growth and spread more clearly than each type.

Pathological diagnosis (pathology)

Physicians do not stop at identifying the likely cancer. The most accurate diagnosis must be made by biopsy. A small tissue sample is surgically removed and examined on a microscope to look for cancer cells. Biopsy for pathological results determines the type of cancer. The treatment completely depends on this result.

Medicine changes lives thanks to molecular diagnostics

Recently molecular biology tests revealed the genetic disturbances (mutations) of several types of cancer cells such as lung, breast, colon ... Molecular diagnostics were used to analyze biological markers. Cancer can help physicians choose the best therapy for patients. A new trend in molecular diagnosis is developing, for example, on biomarkers for cancer.

Modern treatments (targeted therapy)

Surgery (surgery)

Most commonly used, the blade removes the root of the tumor. Correct surgery is the best treatment for many cancers that are local and local. Today's operating blades are softer. Gradually, the doctors lessened the operation. Many women can have breast conservation by only having a lumpectomy with radiation after surgery. Cut the bones and hips of the muscles in the limbs without cutting the limbs. Avoid getting artificial anus when rectal cancer is cut.

Doctors now work closely with radiation, chemotherapy and new methods. Endoscopic surgery brings many miracles. Just a few small incisions in the skin to see and manipulate in the abdomen, in the chest. The tumor is removed through tubes that carry it to the intestines, esophagus or bladder. The devices use fiber optic technology and video cameras to help doctors look into the body. There are new ways to destroy tumors, such as using a laser to cut or burning cancers in the cervix, larynx, liver, rectum; High-frequency radio waves are transmitted to an antenna located in the tumor to burn cancer cells.

Radiotherapy

Radiation therapy uses radiation to kill cancer cells. In the early 20th century, radioactive rays (X-rays, gamma rays) were used to destroy malignant tumors. Today the beams become more magical. External radiation therapy uses accelerators that shoot rays from outside the body. Internal radiotherapy uses machines to bring radioactive sources close to the tumor. Radiation during surgery helps to bring a strong dose of radiation directly to the cancer.

Valence

Using circulating chemicals in the body to destroy cancer cells floating in the bloodstream or spreading cancer foci. Your doctor may use chemotherapy before surgery to shrink the tumor. Postoperative chemotherapy goes throughout the body to kill the cells that fall after surgery. Advances with many new drugs, combination of drugs, convenient safe drug delivery, drugs that properly capture cancer cells have new endocrine drugs that help treat prostate and breast cancer.

Biotherapy (targeted therapy)

Recently scientists have been able to identify damaged genes, gene mutations or mutations that cause cancer. The method that targets the attack on which the gene is modified is called targeted therapy. The drugs used are biological drugs so they are in the biophysical group. More and more new drugs.

Multi-modal therapy combines fluently surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy ...

There is no single cure for all types of cancer. A cancer usually needs a combination of treatments. For example, breast cancer is operated correctly, sometimes needing support with radiation or chemotherapy and targeted therapy.

Many achievements in treatment

Today doctors distinguish between hundreds of types of cancer, how the cancer progresses, where the tumor is located, large and small, still localized or spread to nearby tissue or spread far. Depending on the type, depending on the stage that the physician uses surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy ... Now the surgical blade is softer than a plaque and just enough tumor masses, radiation to shoot right dose at the right place. Cancer has spread everywhere, there is a more effective drug that goes around the body. The drug targets the repair of damaged genes.

Early detection of breast cancer, cervical cancer 90% well cured, thyroid cancer nearly 95% cured ... Even having a late disease, knowing how to make good use of the method will also make people mild . Trustworthy physicians, strong hands, very modern radiotherapy, many new special effective drugs. The combination of modern treatment methods has brought about better results for patients.

Survival rate of people suffering from certain cancers after 5 years of detection.

Lung cancer detected early in stage 1, the results are good about 60-70%, stage 2 about 50% but the rate of early detection is very small, the total number of people treated well is only about 15% .

Liver cancer is localized in the area, the results are good about 30%, cancer spreads to the vicinity, the result is only 10%.

Stage 1 gastric cancer results in 50-70% treatment. However, the early detection rate is still low so the total number of well-treated people is only about 25%.

Colorectal cancer is the easiest to detect early. 40% of cancers are localized, the results are good 90%, 30% of the cancer has spread to the vicinity, the results are good 70%

Especially prostate cancer, according to the American Cancer Society, the good treatment results, for 5 years is nearly 100%, 10-15 years> 90%.

Cervical cancer and breast cancer, treatment results for patients very excited. Many people are treated well, surviving 5 years after getting sick and some continue to live longer.